In 1895, Swedish scientist and pacifist, Alfred Nobel signed his last will and testament presenting the largest share of his fortune for a series of prizes including the Peace Prize, to be awarded to the person “who has done the most for fraternity between nations…within the preceding year.”
* 90 Nobel Peace Prizes have been awarded since 1901…none were presented during World War I and II.
*120 Laureates have been awarded the Prize…97 to individuals and 23 to organizations.
*One Award has been shared among three persons: Yasser Arafat, Shimon Perez and Yitzhak Rabin.
*Mairead Corrigan at 32 years of age (1976) was the youngest person awarded the Nobel, and Joseph Rotblat at 87, the eldest. ( 1995)
*Of 97 individuals, only 12 were women: Bertha von Suttner (1905), Jane Addams (1931), Emily Greene Balch (1946), Betty Williams( 1976), Mairead Corrigan (1976), Mother Teresa (1979), Alva Myrdal (1982), Aung San Suu Kyi (1991), Rigoberta Mechu Tum (1992), Jody Williams (1997), Shirin Ebadi (2003) and Wangari Maathal ( 2004).
*The International Red Cross has been honored three times( the most for any organization), and its founder Henry Dunant was the first Nobel winner (1901).
*Vietnamese politician Le Duc Tho is the only person who declined the prize.( 1973) Henry Kissinger also awarded the prize in the same year did accept his gift. Le Duc Tho refused the prize because of the situation in Viet Nam at the time.
*The only Peace Award presented posthumously was to Dag Hammarskjold in 1961.
*Each year the Norwegian Nobel Committee sends thousands of letters to ” qualified and a select number of people requesting nominees.” Though names of the latter are not revealed for 50 years, the number of nominees for any given year is announced.
*205 names for the 2009 Peace Prize were submitted: of that number 33 were organizations.
*Among the more famous statesmen nominated but not awarded the prize were:
Stalin, Anthony Eden, Churchill, FDR, Truman, Dwight David Eisenhower, Konrad Adenauer, Juan and Eva Peron, Gandhi, Nehru, and Mussonlini.
*Artists nominated but not awarded the Peace Prize were Tolstoy, Erich Maria Remarque and Pablo Casals.
*Jane Addams was nominated 91 times before she actually received the prize.
*The Nobel Peace Prize is presented in Oslo, Norway; all others are awarded in Stockholm, Sweden.
During Nobel’s lifetime Sweden and Norway were a united kingdom until 1905, the year Norway gained its independence.
***For a complete list of Nobel Prize winners and examples of their works, stop by our NOBEL DISPLAY in the Readers Services Area.
MC